Metformin
What is Metformin?
Metformin is an oral prescription medication in a class of medicines known as biguanides. It is commonly used in the clinical management of type 2 diabetes and may be prescribed for other purposes when a licensed healthcare provider determines it is appropriate.
Before prescribing metformin, your provider will review your medical history, current medications, and relevant health information. Your provider will determine the appropriate dosage and treatment schedule and may recommend ongoing monitoring.
Use metformin only as directed by your prescriber.
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Frequently asked questions
What can I expect with Metformin treatment?
Your prescribing provider will determine your starting dose and whether it should be adjusted over time. Take metformin exactly as prescribed and do not increase, decrease, or stop your dose without consulting your provider.
Individual response and treatment timelines vary. Your provider may recommend follow-up appointments, laboratory monitoring, or individualized nutrition and activity guidance as part of your treatment plan.
If you miss a dose, follow the instructions provided with your prescription or contact your pharmacist or prescriber. Do not take an additional dose unless specifically instructed.
What are the possible side effects of Metformin?
Common side effects may include:
- Diarrhea
- Nausea or vomiting
- Gas
- Indigestion
- Abdominal discomfort
- Headache
Metformin may lower vitamin B12 levels during longer-term treatment. Your provider may recommend periodic bloodwork.
Important Precautions
Metformin can cause lactic acidosis, a rare but serious medical emergency. Risk may be higher in people with kidney or liver problems, certain acute medical conditions, or excessive alcohol use.
Metformin should not be used in patients with severe kidney impairment, including an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) below 30 mL/min/1.73 m².
Tell your provider about your medical conditions, alcohol use, medications, and supplements before beginning treatment. Take metformin exactly as prescribed, including any instructions about taking it with meals.